This report examines various theories of applicability of human rights law to occupied territory as well as the interaction between human rights law and humanitarian law. Assessing the implications of each of these theories to the preservation of human rights in occupied territories, the report also addresses the obligations of the occupying power to comply with international human rights laws and conventions. By exploring the specific case of the Occupied Palestinian Territories, this Al-Haq study discusses the provision of human rights ranging from civil and political rights to economic, social and cultural rights, to protection from racial and gender discrimination as established by international law.